The impact of peritoneal fluid from healthy women and from women with endometriosis on sperm DNA and its relationship to the sperm deformity index.

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of peritoneal fluid (PF) from healthy women and from women with endometriosis on sperm DNA and its relationship to sperm morphology as assessed by the sperm deformity index (SDI). DESIGN Experimental study. SETTING Research laboratory at an academic hospital. PATIENT(S) Healthy women undergoing laparoscopic tubal ligation and women with endometriosis. INTERVENTION(S) Aliquots of prepared sperm from 10 healthy donors were incubated with PF from healthy women undergoing laparoscopic tubal ligation (treatment 1, n = 10), with PF from patients with endometriosis (treatment 2, n = 10), and with human tubal fluid media with 10% bovine serum albumin (control, n = 10). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Sperm DNA fragmentation was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay and SDI. RESULT(S) There was a significant increase in sperm DNA damage at 24 hours compared with at 1.5 and 3 hours. The SDI scores significantly correlated with sperm DNA damage after 1.5 and 24 hours of incubation in all aliquots. Percentage normal morphology did not correlate with DNA damage. CONCLUSION(S) In vitro exposure of sperm to PF from patients with endometriosis is associated with significantly increased DNA damage. There is evidence of interdependence between the sperm morphology as assessed by SDI scores and DNA damage. The significant increase in sperm DNA damage observed after 24 hours of incubation may be clinically relevant.